Waterfall methodology

Waterfall follows a sequential, linear approach with distinct stages that progress in a linear fashion. This is used heavily in the construction industry and for projects that need approval for each stage of the process, due to budget or stakeholder commitments. The stages in waterfall project management typically include:

  1. Requirements Gathering:
    • In the requirements gathering stage, the project team works with stakeholders to elicit, document, and finalise project requirements. This involves understanding the needs and expectations of the project stakeholders and translating them into detailed requirements specifications.
  2. System Design:
    • Once the requirements are finalised, the project moves into the system design stage. Here, the project team designs the system architecture, user interface, data structures, and other technical specifications based on the requirements. The emphasis is on creating a comprehensive design that will guide the implementation phase.
  3. Implementation (or Development):
    • In the implementation stage, the project team starts building the system according to the design specifications. Developers write code, create software modules, and integrate various components to develop the final product. This stage typically involves coding, testing, and debugging to ensure that the system meets the specified requirements.
  4. Testing:
    • Once the development is complete, the project moves into the testing stage. Here, the system undergoes comprehensive testing to verify its functionality, performance, and reliability. Testers execute test cases, identify defects, and report issues to the development team for resolution. The goal is to ensure that the system meets quality standards before deployment.
  5. Deployment (or Implementation):
    • After successful testing, the system is deployed or implemented in the production environment. This stage involves installing the system, configuring it for use, and transitioning users to the new system. Deployment may also involve training end-users, updating documentation, and providing ongoing support.
  6. Maintenance and Support:
    • Once the system is deployed, the project transitions into the maintenance and support stage. Here, the project team provides ongoing maintenance, troubleshooting, and support to address any issues or enhancements that arise after deployment. This stage may involve releasing updates, patches, and bug fixes to improve system performance and functionality over time.